is received at the background, and then processed accordingly. As for what the parameters are for, you have to ask the webmaster. Generally speaking, 1: encrypted cookie or other encrypted str, is used to transmit some current information of the user, such as login information or recommendation code. 2: verify the source to see whether the user is from the agent or from an ordinary website. That is, we often say that the promotion link, 3: timestamp, used to update the cache in a timely manner, but also has the role of preventing collection, such as Wechat's article.

https://account.aliyun.com/lo.

if I did not log in, click on the link sent by LZ is this

I don't know what LZ refers to. Because it is not complete, some may prevent JS caching

bring some parameters to the background. What's the difference between passing these parameters and not passing them? this depends on the logic of the background. If you develop a website, add parameters according to your actual needs.

for example, this url, of the same network https://www.ly.com/?refId=414..
where the refId parameter records the website from which you click to enter the same network, which is convenient for the backend to count the sources of traffic.