About the concepts related to the graph structure in the data structure?

about the above concepts

connected components are maximal connected subgraphs in an undirected graph

how to understand the polar Dalian Tongzi diagram? In particular, the two words "Maxima", according to 5-5b), are both components, so how can there be a great difference between them?

Dec.10,2021
MySQL Query : SELECT * FROM `codeshelper`.`v9_news` WHERE status=99 AND catid='6' ORDER BY rand() LIMIT 5
MySQL Error : Disk full (/tmp/#sql-temptable-64f5-1b3582a-2b4e8.MAI); waiting for someone to free some space... (errno: 28 "No space left on device")
MySQL Errno : 1021
Message : Disk full (/tmp/#sql-temptable-64f5-1b3582a-2b4e8.MAI); waiting for someone to free some space... (errno: 28 "No space left on device")
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