Is it true that all window programs under windows are created using windowsAPI (or a lower-level technology under this technology)?

recently I am learning windows programming, so I wonder if all windows under windows have handles and are controlled by windows API, even windows written by other programming languages?
for example, in java"s Swing, does the underlying implementation in windows use the corresponding windowsAPI to draw the interface and correspond to events?

C cPP windows-to-develop
Jun.09,2022

as far as I know, GUI has two modes:

  1. winform
  2. WPF

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