1. get the currently selected artifact or the currently selected build set

// 
viewer.getSelection();

//
var onSelectionChanged = function( event ) {
    console.log( event.dbIdArray );
};

viewer.addEventListener(
    Autodesk.Viewing.SELECTION_CHANGED_EVENT,
    onSelectionChanged
);

2. Get the properties of the selected component

//
var onPropsFeteched = function( result ) {
    console.log( result.properties );
}

var onFetchingPropsFailed = function( error, message ) {
    console.error( error, message );
}

viewer.getProperties(
    dbId,
    onPropsFeteched,
    onFetchingPropsFailed
);

//  dbId 
// https://forge.autodesk.com/blog/getbulkproperties-method
viewer.model.getBulkProperties( dbIds, [''],
   function( elements ) {
     for(var i=0; i<elements.length; iPP){
        console.log( elements[i].properties[0] ;
     }
   });

// 
// https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010977818
viewer.search( 
    "",
    function( dbIds ) {
        console.log( dbIds );
    },
    [""]
);

3. Add component properties
your title seems to be inconsistent with the text. Let me first answer the question of the title. The model and attributes of Forge transformation cannot be modified, so they cannot be added, or your own properties https://codeshelper.com/a/11.

as for adding icons in the text, you can refer to these examples:

• https://github.com/Autodesk-F.
• https://forge.autodesk.com/cl.
• after opening https://forge-rcdb.autodesk.i., click Markup 3D in the menu on the right.

P.S. It is recommended to find the sample https://github.com/Autodesk-F.

how to add icons to widgets