Mini Program seems to have updated some time ago. Now to call similar interfaces, you need to actively invite users to authorize. Mini Program will not take the initiative to pull the authorization. Now, first use wx.getSetting, and then call openLocation when successful.
add a layer of button
< button open-type= "openSetting" bindtap= "onGotSetting" to your map icon. Open the authorization settings page < / button >
and then write

onGotSetting:function(){
    wx.getSetting({
    success(res) {
        if (!res.authSetting['scope.userLocation']) {
            wx.authorize({
                scope: 'scope.userLocation',
                success() {
                    wx.getLocation({
                      type: 'gcj02', //wx.openLocation
                      success: function(res) {
                            //
                        })
                      }
                    })
                })
            }
        }
    })
}

first use getSetting to check whether the user is authorized. If not, hang the authorization window. Now there is usually a button

wx.getSetting({
      success(res) {
        if (!res.authSetting['scope.userLocation']) {
            wx.authorize({
              scope: 'scope.userLocation',
              success(res) {
              }
            })
          }
      }
    })