What are the general uses of bit operators?

What are the general uses of the

bit operator? For example, to solve a problem, it is very simple to use the bit operator.

Bit operator
Mar.29,2021

such as color value conversion, hexadecimal to rgb 


function hexToRgb(hex){
    var hex = hex.replace("-sharp","0x"),
        r = hex >> 16,
        g = hex >> 8 & 0xff,
        b = hex & 0xff;
    return "rgb("+r+","+g+","+b+")";
}

such as recording activity status and growth value. Use bit operations to give a variable multiple states
you can see this example; use bit operations to give a variable multiple states

A non-empty array with only one element appearing odd times and the rest even times. Find out which element: 

    int singleNumber(vector<int>& nums) {
      return std::accumulate(nums.begin(), nums.end(), 0, [](int res, int n) { 
          res ^= n;
          return res;
        });
    }

A non-empty array with only one element appearing once and the rest three times. Find out which element: 

    int singleNumber(vector<int>& nums) {
      int twos = 0;
      return std::accumulate(nums.begin(), nums.end(), 0, [&twos] (int ones, int n) { 
          ones ^= n & ~twos; 
          twos ^= n & ~ones; 
          return ones;
        });
    }

A non-empty array with only two elements appearing once and the rest twice. Find out which two elements: 

     vector<int> singleNumber(vector<int>& nums) {
               
        int xr=nums[0];
        for(int i=1;i<nums.size();iPP)
            xr=xr^nums[i];
        
        int pos=xr&~(xr-1);

        int x=0,y=0;
        for(int i=0;i<nums.size();iPP)
            if((pos)&nums[i])
                x=x^nums[i];
            else
                y=y^nums[i];
        
        vector <int> res;
        res.push_back(x);
        res.push_back(y);
        return res;
    }

Carmack algorithm: 

//
// x
//
float InvSqrt (float x)
{
    float xhalf = 0.5f*x;
    int i = *(int*)&x;
    i = 0x5f3759df - (i >> 1); // 
    x = *(float*)&i;
    x = x*(1.5f - xhalf*x*x); // 
    return x;
}
    :
    $exchange = function (){
        $a = 19;
        $b = 20;

        $b = $a ^ $b;
        $a = $b ^ $a;
        $b = $a ^ $b;

        echo $a.'-'.$b.PHP_EOL;
    };
    $exchange();

Previous: Does element-ui support script to import jsp?

Next: How to set different styles for labels according to the positive and negative numbers?

css mysql arrays josn react html typescript webpack npm sass R objective-c .net sql-server jquery python-3.x angularjs django angular excel regex iphone ajax linux xml pandas vba spring database wordpress string wpf xcode windows bash postgresql oracle multithreading eclipse list firebase algorithm macos forms image scala visual-studio azure bootstrap spring-boot react-native python-2.7 docker performance function winforms matlab powershell apache dataframe api sqlite numpy rest shell selenium flutter dart maven loops qt swing android-studio csv express file class tensorflow sorting codeigniter perl
MySQL Query : SELECT * FROM `codeshelper`.`v9_news` WHERE status=99 AND catid='6' ORDER BY rand() LIMIT 5
MySQL Error : Disk full (/tmp/#sql-temptable-64f5-1e48202-44417.MAI); waiting for someone to free some space... (errno: 28 "No space left on device")
MySQL Errno : 1021
Message : Disk full (/tmp/#sql-temptable-64f5-1e48202-44417.MAI); waiting for someone to free some space... (errno: 28 "No space left on device")
Need Help?